Revisiting the Role of Carnitine in Heart Disease Through the Lens of the Gut Microbiota Trimethylamine N Oxide in Relation to Cardiometabolic HealthCause or Effect? Metabolite acetyl L carnitine participates in Bifidobacterium animalis F1 7 to ameliorate atherosclerotic inflammation by downregulating theTLR4 NF B pathway ScienceDirect Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO ScienceDirect Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine The Role of Lipids and Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis Endotext NCBI Bookshelf